External POWER/SWR meter

Experimenting with the power/swr meter on the PA PCB learned me that the harmonics still in the signal couldn't get me the SWR down to zero. So the POWER/SWR meter on the PCB I will use to secure the power and SWR before the filter, and make another POWER/SWR meter after the filter, to measure the Antenna performance.

So here are the measurements of this filter:

Dummy load connected to the outgoing connector (1500W).

Input from the FT-950      Voltage forward  (V)          Voltage backward (V)       Reversed meter delta:

10 Watt input:                    0.263                                   0.000                                   0.006        

15                                         0.382                                   0.000                                   0.003

20                                         0.484                                   0.000                                   0.004

30                                         0.632                                   0.000                                   0.004

40                                         0.778                                  0.000                                    0.005

50                                         0.908                                  0.000                                    0.004

60                                         1.003                                   0.000                                   0.003

70                                         1.108                                   0.000                                   0.006

80                                         1.210                                   0.000                                   0.006

90                                         1.303                                   0.000                                   0.004

100                                       1.391                                   0.004                                   0.002

 

And vice versa

Dummy load connected to the outgoing connector (1500W).

10 Watt input:                    0.269                                   0.000

15                                         0.379                                   0.000

20                                         0.480                                   0.000

30                                         0.628                                   0.000

40                                         0.773                                   0.000

50                                         0.904                                   0.000

60                                         1.000                                   0.000

70                                         1.102                                   0.000

80                                         1.204                                   0.000

90                                         1.299                                   0.000 

100                                       1.393                                   0.004

 

The output voltage is dependent of the frequency.

100W input gives:                           corrected for input power (100W)

160m        1.460 V         98W         1.490 V

80m           1.454            97W         1.499

40m           1.433            95W         1.508

30m           1.434            96W         1.494

20m           1.401            93W         1.506

17m           1.421            95W          1.496

15m           1.450            99W          1.467

12m           1.425             95W         1.500

10m           1.482           100W         1.482

6m             1.573           100W         1.573

 

Accuracy within 2 percent. I am satisfied with this.

 

So, at 100W input, the forward voltage is about 1.4 Volt. So at 400W it will be about 2.8 Volt. So the voltage level is very well suited to measure with the Arduino (up to 5 volt max). The meter is very robust and can handle up to 1 kWatt.

This meter is giving a little bit more voltage than the one on the PCB of the PA because the voltage divider is not 0.5, but 0.55. So 10% more voltage. At 400W it brings 3.08 volt (10% more than the meter on the PCB.

 

I changed the setup a little bit. The internal SWR meter is connected before the filter, and behind the filter the external meter.

I noticed that the power out of the filter was significantly lower that before. About 50Watts less.

I also noticed that the swr of the external filter was not 1:1. So work to do.

First I measured the external PWR/SWR meter with my vector analyzer. It showed some inductive impedance. I can image that because I built is with very low parasitic capacitance, the inductance was not compensated enough. So I experimented with a few capacitors, and the best results was a capacitor of 47pF parallel over the input of the meter (in the metal box). The result was indeed a higher power at the output.

I also noticed that the SWR of the internal meter before the filter was bad. 1:1.8 and higher. I thought that the impedance of the filter was maybe not good. The next thing to experiment was to look at the impedance of the filter- meter train.

Also with the vector analyzer. On 14MHz I saw that the lowest SWR was not at 14.100 but just under 14.000. Not ok thus.

I got it back in the band with a 50Pf capacitor parallel at the input of the filter. But under the line I was not satisfied with the setup where the internal SWR meter is put before the filter. So I changed it back to the setup PA-Filter-PWR/SWR meter (internal), and I left the external meter in the train to the Dummy load.

Additional capacitors in the external meter and the 20M filter are still in. Now I want the power measurements:

All these measurements are not corrected for the fact that the FT-950 is not 100% correct. Sometimes at 100Watt -10% difference.

 

Band       Power in              Power out on the internal meter            V-external meter (foreward-reflected in Volts)     SWR int  SWR ext

1.8              5                                                81                                                 1.30             0.01                                                    1.15         1.02

                   20                                             250                                                2.45             0.018                                                  1.09          1.02

                   50                                             370                                                3.03             0.022                                                  1.08          1.02

                   70                                             425                                                3.23             0.023                                                  1.10          1.02

                   85                                             450                                                3.35             0.024                                                  1.09          1.02

                 100                                             480                                                3.45             0.025                                                  1.08          1.02

3.5            5                                                  79                                                 1.28             0.010                                                  1.16          1.02

                 20                                               265                                                2.50             0.019                                                  1.11          1.02

                 50                                               390                                                2.80             0.025                                                  1.11          1.02

                 70                                               440                                                3.30             0.026                                                  1.11          1.02

                 85                                               460                                                3.37             0.034                                                  1.11           1.02 

                100                                              485                                                3.47             0.045                                                  1.11           1.03

7              5                                                  70                                                   1.17             0.010                                                  1.17           1.02  

               20                                                 262                                                 2.45             0.039                                                  1.16           1.03

               50                                                 402                                                 3.10             0.053                                                  1.18           1.04  

               70                                                 450                                                 3.30             0.071                                                  1.18           1.04

               85                                                 480                                                 3.40             0.085                                                  1.19           1.05

              100                                                510                                                 3.48             0.111                                                  1.20           1.07

10            5                                                   67                                                  1.14             0.067                                                  1.24           1.13 

                20                                                 270                                                 2.49            0.077                                                  1.25           1.06

                50                                                420                                                  3.15            0.143                                                  1.26           1.10

                70                                                470                                                  3.36            0.173                                                   1.28          1.11    

                85                                                500                                                  3.45            0.199                                                  1.28          1.12

               100                                               530                                                  3.60            0.220                                                  1.29          1.13

14             5                                                   61                                                   1.06            0.017                                                  1.31          1.03

                20                                                  263                                                 2.45            0.160                                                  1.33          1.14

                50                                                 440                                                  3.26            0.279                                                  1.33          1.19

                70                                                 495                                                  3.46            0.311                                                  1.35          1.20

                85                                                 525                                                  3.58             0.338                                                 1.35           1.21

               100                                                550                                                  3.66             0.355                                                 1.36           1.22

18             5                                                  47                                                    0.90             0.022                                                  1.35          1.05

                20                                                 201                                                  2.12             0.185                                                  1.36          1.19

                50                                                  373                                                 3.00             0.332                                                 1.38            1.25

                70                                                  436                                                 3.24             0.392                                                  1.4             1.26

                85                                                  480                                                 3.43             0.440                                                  1.4             1.29

               100                                                 517                                                 3.55             0.485                                                  1.43           1.32

21             5                                                     53                                                 0.98             0.0.45                                                1.38            1.10

                 20                                                  218                                                2.24             0.270                                                 1.42            1.27

                 50                                                  375                                                3.02             0.428                                                 1.49            1.33

                 70                                                  400                                                3.10             0.443                                                 1.50            1.33

                 85                                                  415                                                3.14             0.454                                                 1.50            1.34

                100                                                422                                                 3.18             0.470                                                 1.52            1.35

 24.5          5                                                    39                                                 0.81             0.035                                                 1.35            1.09

                  50                                                 347                                                2.85             0.456                                                 1.39            1.39

                100                                                433                                                 3.20             0.547                                                 1.45            1.41

28              5                                                   46                                                  0.91             0.073                                                 1.34            1.17

                 50                                                  395                                                3.10             0.610                                                 1.33            1.49

                100                                                 503                                                3.55             0.735                                                 1.37            1.52

50              5                                                    28                                                 0.70             0.145                                                  1.75            1.53                  50                                                   345                                               3.06             1.068                                                  1.84             2.07

               100                                                   Arduino crashed !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

 

Well, my conclusion with working with two SWR-meters is that I don't actually need two of them. So I have now a spare SWR meter for high power in my junkbox,......and I will go further with one SWR meter, the one on the PCB of the PA module.

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